FDNY mascot Henry slides down the pole while Cappy watches, 1941.
Henry slides down the pole while Cappy watches, 1941.

In 1903, one of the most popular dog-and-cat dynamic duos of the FDNY were Dan and Nickie* of Engine Company No. 65. Dan was a well-loved coach dog (possibly a Dalmatian), and Nickie was a jet-black cat who was the pet of Captain Hawk.

According to the nationally published news story, Hawk rejoined the FDNY as an assistant foreman of Engine Company 29 on Chambers Street shortly after the Spanish-American War of 1898. One day, a disheveled stray cat followed him into the station. The cat was incredibly affectionate and intelligent, so the men agreed to adopt him as an unofficial member of the company.

When Hawk was appointed captain of the newly organized Engine Company No. 65 on West 43rd Street, the cat was “officially transferred” to the new company. FDNY Commissioner John Jay Scannell, the first fire commissioner of the new consolidated New York City, gave the transfer his official seal of approval.

Not much is known about Nickie, except that he always slept in Hawk’s bed at night. Whenever an alarm sounded, he would jump out of bed faster than the captain. (Apparently, experience taught him to respond quickly—it was better than getting tossed to the floor.)

The cat would then rush for the first step of the iron stairs and curl up into the smallest possible space to avoid the onslaught of stomping feet. From this vantage point, he would watch as the horses were hitched up and the engine rolled out.

Cappy, the Beloved FDNY Dalmatian

In 1936, a fire buff named C.J. Jones of Cliffside Park, New Jersey, entered the fire station carrying a young Dalmatian puppy. The men named him Cappy and made him a mascot of Engine Company No. 65.

Whenever an alarm sounded for the station, Cappy would jump onto the fire truck—where he “occupied a seat of honor”—and ride to the scene with the fire fighters. He loved the speed, and as he balanced on his perch, he’d lift his muzzle into the wind and treasure every moment of the adventure. Sometimes, when the engine was taking a sharp curve, passersby would gasp because Cappy seemed to be hanging on by only his toenails.

Cappy of FDNY Engine Company No. 65
Cappy of FDNY Engine Company No. 65, 1939

At first, the men allowed Cappy to follow them into burning buildings. In fact, according to several newspapers, he not only carried a cat out of burning building, he actually went to the Ellin Prince Speyer Hospital for Animals to visit her while she was recovering!

Eventually, as Cappy got older, the men had to secure his leash to the seat so he would not join them (the leash also kept him from rolling off the truck as it took sharp curves). As soon as the men returned safely to the truck, he would welcome them back by licking their hands.

When he wasn’t responding to fire calls, Cappy could often be found waiting patiently each day in front of a Spanish restaurant for his daily handout. He had to watch his figure, though, because Cappy was an advertising star.

You see, Engine Company No. 65 just happened to be near the city’s advertising district. Since Cappy was so handsome and photogenic, the firemen offered his services as a model for national magazines.

“He could sell anything,” Captain Edmund Brennan told a reporter. “Illustrators hired him at $5 a day and he was worth it. He could sell anything from an auto to a polio fund subscription.” The men kept a special bank account for Cappy’s earnings, which they used for his food and occasional veterinary bills.

In March 1939, Cappy reportedly went missing after leaving the firehouse for his daily constitutional trip around the neighborhood at 8 am. He was last seen about thirty minutes later ambling northward, having just inspected some subway construction at Sixth Avenue and Forty-eighth Street.

Mrs. George Bethune Adams, resident director of the Ellin Speyer Hospital for Animals, posted a generous reward for his safe return. He eventually returned home, but my theory is that he was at the animal hospital at this time, visiting the cat he had saved from the burning building.  

In 1941, Cappy and two of his sons—Raffles and Beau—took part in an exhibition of 25 FDNY Dalmatians at the Westminster Kennel Club’s 65th annual dog show at Madison Square Garden. Although the press surmised that Cappy would do well based on his experience with posing for advertisements, it was King, belonging to Fireman George F. Donnelly of Hook and Ladder 311 in Queens, who was crowned the top pooch of the FDNY.

During this time, Engine Company No. 65 had another mascot cat named Henry. Like Peter, the pole-sliding cat of Bushwick, Brooklyn, Henry would slide down the pole with the firefighters whenever an alarm came in for the station. In 1941, a photographer captured Henry sliding down the pole and Cappy watched from below. The photo was published in numerous newspapers across the nation and now adorns my office wall.

FDNY Firemen Francis Hickey and Eugene Uhl trim Cappy’s grave following his funeral at the Bide-A-Wee cemetery on May 11, 1950.
Firemen Francis Hickey and Eugene Uhl trim Cappy’s grave following his funeral at the Bide-A-Wee cemetery on May 11, 1950

Poor Henry disappeared in 1942, which was the same year Cappy took his last rides on the fire engine. By then the modern equipment was so fast it was difficult for him to keep his balance when the equipment took a corner, especially with his aging paws. So, he remained back at the station house where his bed was near the warm chimney. He reportedly brooded over his retirement and whimpered when the trucks rolled out until he finally dozed off into a fitful sleep.

In April 1950, Cappy began to shake and drink excessive amounts of water. The firemen took him to the Ellin Prince Speyer Hospital for Animals, where he was diagnosed with uremic poisoning.

Dan, Nickie, Cappy, and Henry lived in this firehouse at 33 West 43rd Street. Designed by architects Hoppin & Koen, the firehouse was completed in 1898. NYC Department of Records tax photo, 1940
Dan, Nickie, Cappy, and Henry lived in this firehouse at 33 West 43rd Street. Designed by architects Hoppin & Koen, the firehouse was completed in 1898. NYC Department of Records tax photo, 1940

The following Thursday a funeral was held at Bide-a-Wee animal cemetery in Wantaugh, Long Island. Brennan, Francis Hickey, and Eugene Uhl were the only ones who could attend the ceremony, “but they brought with them the grief of all 31 desolate men in New York who couldn’t attend.” 

A fund was initiated to purchase a grave marker for Cappy. The monument was topped with a marble fireman’s hat inscribed with the number 65. Brennan told the reporter, “We’ll be out every so often to say ‘Hello’ to Cappy. He never forgot us, and we’re not forgetting him.”

Following the funeral, the men hung a photo of Cappy framed in ribbon and topped with a mourning palm outside the firehouse. The legend under the photo read: CAPPY—1936-1950.

On the door to the firehouse, they chalked up a code signal: 5-5-5-5. Our Mascot. 8:30 AM. (5-5-5-5 is the department’s code for a death in its ranks.) 

Asked if the company would ever get another dog, Captain Brennan shook his head and replied, “No, I don’t think so. No dog could replace Cappy. Not for Engine Co. 65.”

*Nickie was not the cat’s real name.  

Every dog had his own towels and attendants at the dog bathhouse in Harlem.
Every dog had his day–and his own towels and attendant–at the dog bathhouse in Harlem.

The late 1800s and early 1900s were like a Tale of Two Cities for the dogs of New York City. For stray mutts and other unwanted dogs, there were dog catchers, mean little boys with stones, and a law that required all unclaimed dogs be drowned in the East River. For pampered pooches and high-society dogs, like the spoiled French bulldogs of Princess Amy Isabella Crocker, there were daily massages, jeweled collars, and a brand new dog bathhouse on East 125th Street in Harlem.

When James A. Hogg, a professional rat catcher by trade, opened his new dog bathhouse in Harlem in 1903, it attracted much attention from the press. Sure, there were by this time several hospitals for dogs and other animals. And boarding houses for those wealthy pet owners who could afford it had also been around for years.

But a bathhouse for dogs was quite a novel idea (albeit, there were several “dog nurseries” across the country, where wealthy women could drop off their lap dogs for a day of grooming while they went shopping or attended to other frivolous activities).

As a reporter for the New-York Tribune noted:

If there is any facility for health, happiness and peace of mind which the dogs of New York need and have not got, the man who discovers it should provide it. He will be well rewarded liberally, for dogs are a luxury, and have masters and mistresses who can pay the price.

At the dog bathhouse, every dog had his day as well as his own towel. To ensure that they received the full bathing experience (i.e, didn’t try to run away from the tub), they also had personal attendants to take care of them during their entire visit to the bath.

I don’t know how much James Hogg really knew about dogs, but he certainly knew his clients. As he told the press:

“An aristocratic dog should be bathed at least once every seven days. This is particularly true of long-haired dogs. Nor is ordinary soap and water enough. The water should be highly antiseptic, and if the dog belongs to a woman a perfumery spray is necessary.”

The dog bathhouse occupied one back room on the ground floor a four-story brick building at 63 East 125th Street. A storefront drug store occupied the front of the building. According to census reports and an ad placed in 1903, this was also James’ residence, where he lived with his wife Mary and their five children.

In one corner of the back room was a gas water. There were also two side-by-side tubs in the room–one for large dogs and one for smaller pups. On the walls were towels and muzzles for those dogs who misbehaved during bath time.

According to an ad that James placed in 1903, he charged $1 for short-haired dogs and $2 for long-haired dogs. The services also included nail clipping.

James Hogg's dog bathhouse occupied one room on the ground floor of this four-story building at 63 East 12th Street. New York Department of Records, 1940
James Hogg’s dog bathhouse occupied one room on the ground floor of this four-story building at 63 East 125th Street (lighter building at right; extant). New York Department of Records, 1940

On the day the reporter from the Tribune visited the bathhouse, there was a first-time customer that was not overly pleased to be there. Apparently the cocker spaniel tried to bite the bath attendant as soon as the man tried to put him in the tub. The attendant was forced to place a leather muzzle over the dog while his mistress cried for the man to do whatever it took to bathe her dog.

“Please give him a bath,” she begged “I’ll pay $1 extra.” The attendants threw some bath water on the feisty dog before finally giving up.

The next customer was a large St. Bernard. His mistress assured the men that her dog would not bite and did not need a muzzle.

This dog was much more cooperative, allowing the men to scrub him with a black tar-like substance while standing in the lukewarm water. Following the bath, the men toweled him dry and gave him a thorough brushing. His owner made arrangements for her dog to get a bath every week. One of the young attendants said he would pick up the dog and deliver him back home after every bath.

“The dog bathhouse idea, though new, is taking well among uptown dog fanciers,” the reporter stated. “The dog’s weekly bath, when conducted at home, becomes a formidable affair. Many a household has lost servant after servant for no reason in the world but the dog’s weekly bath. It may be going a little far for every dog to have his own set of towels, but dogs in a city are a luxury, and accordingly should have luxury.”

I could not find out how long the dog bathhouse remained opened. I do know that in 1907, the Plaza Hotel began a doggie day care service for ladies who wanted to leave their dogs in good hands while they had afternoon tea. So perhaps James returned to his original career as a champion rat catcher and left the dog grooming to newer establishments.

Intelligencer Journal, March 2, 1914
James Hogg rat catcher
Intelligencer Journal, March 2, 1914

James Hogg, Expert Rat Catcher

In addition to the bathhouse, James specialized in buying and selling dogs, especially terriers. He was also an expert exterminator, aka, rat catcher. One newspaper called him the “champion ‘Pied Piper’ of the world,” noting he caught 10,000 rats a year.

According to news reports, James took orders to clear rats from ships, factories, hotels, and residences. He was also an official rat catcher with the federal government, in charge of keeping the Federal Office Building in New York City free of vermin since 1894.

(Luckily he wasn’t in charge of the U.S. Post Office Building, or else the hundreds of cats on the feline police squad would have been out of jobs!)

James used a very unusual way to catch the rats. He reportedly set some ferrets loose in the rat holes, and then he’d pluck the rats up with large pinchers as they ran out of the holes to escape the ferrets. He’d then place the live rats in a gunny sack that hung suspended from the floor (if he placed the bag on the floor or counter, the rats would have immediately gnawed their way out).

James donated the healthy live rats to laboratories for experiments, and fed the crippled rats to his ferrets. (According to one news article, he would carry the rat-filled sacks on the subway with him!)

James Hogg placed this poetic ad in 1901, when he was then living on Lexington Avenue. He placed several similar ads during this period.

In addition to the ferret method, James also devised a type of electric griddle upon which he placed dead fish to attract the rats, which he would then electrocute. James admitted he didn’t want anyone else to know about his invention until he died, because he depended on the rat population to continue thriving in order to make a living.

James got himself into some hot water in 1913, when he reportedly tried to “get even” with Maxlow Realty Company, owners of the Clearmont Court Apartments at 549 and 551 West 113th Street. According to the janitor, Peter Weck, the Weck family cat alerted him to an army of rats in the basement. When Weck opened the door, the cat ran out, never to be seen again. Weck tried to fight off the rats himself, but he was overrun.

549-551 West 113th Street. New York State Department of Records, 1940
James Hogg set hundreds of rats loose at the Clearmont Court Apartments at 549-551 West 113th Street (extant). New York Department of Records, 1940

Weck notified Magistrate House of the Harlem Court, who agreed that James Hogg was responsible for liberating the rats. He sentenced James–then described as a small man with whiskers and gray hair–to $500 for good behavior for a month.

By the 1920s, James had taken his business to the Jersey Shore area (where he called himself The Bugman), allowing his son Robert to take over the New York City business. One of the last ads he ran was in 1944, when he was doing business as a termite/exterminator in Asbury Park, New Jersey. By that time, he would have been 73 years old.

Vintage Newfoundland dog 
Could be Sergeant Nick of East New York Police Department?
This is not Nick, but based on the way the dog was described, this very well could have been the canine sergeant of the East New York Police.

In Part I of this story about the four-legged mascots of Brooklyn’s old Liberty Avenue police station, we met Dewey and Dick, the beloved felines of what was then called the 153rd Precinct. In Part II, we’ll meet Nick, the canine predecessor of Dewey and Dick, who served with the former East New York Police Department in the old Town of New Lots in the late 1800s.

Visitors to the old East New York Police Station never failed to notice the large Newfoundland dog sitting about as if he owned the place. The old dog, described as long and shaggy and turning gray around the face, was a favorite among all the policemen as well as “citizens in general and reporters in particular.”

With “sterling qualities, his intelligence and his friendly feeling toward the law abiding portion of the human race,” Nick had truly earned his sergeant’s stripes.

Sit back and enjoy this wonderful tale of an honorable police dog.

Sergeant Nick’s Early Years

Sergeant Nick was born in Jersey City, New Jersey, on August 1, 1869. That made him almost 17 when a Brooklyn Daily Eagle reporter came to visit him in July 1886.

Nick was the puppy of James Davis, the proprietor of a starch works company at Liberty and New Jersey Avenues in 1886. According to Davis, Nick took a fancy to the blue coats and brass buttons at a young age, and he spent several years with the police officers in Jersey City. When an African-American policeman named Andy Magee took a new position at Davis’ plant in Brooklyn, Nick went along with him.

At the starch works yard, Nick followed Magee everywhere and rarely socialized with anyone else. Over time, Davis grew to appreciate the dog’s value as a watch dog (whenever he found pieces of torn clothing on a fence, he knew that Nick had been doing his job!). He also became just as attached to the dog as Magee was, even though Nick was not very friendly with either man.  

Starch works factory
Sergeant Nick spent his first years of life working as a watch dog for James Davis’ starch works plant in Jersey City. This is an illustration of a starch works plant in Glen Cove, Long Island.

When Nick was about three years old, Magee passed away. Two weeks later, Nick went missing from the yard. After a week’s search, Davis found him at the New Lots police station. The men there seemed very fond of the dog, and no amount of coaxing could bring him back to the starch works factory.

Davis said he believed that Nick had gone to the police station in search of his friend, somehow knowing that Magee had once worked as a policeman in Jersey City and thus, may have returned to his previous career.

Sergeant Nick’s Life as a Canine Cop

Torchlight parade, Library of Congress
In October 1884, the citizens of Brooklyn participated in a torchlight parade in honor of Grover Cleveland. Sergeant Nick joined the parade and festivities. Library of Congress

According to Sergeant William F. “Billy” Early of the East New York Police, Nick was “the most remarkable dog in existence.” He was always ready to go out with the men on the 6 p.m. platoon, making all the rounds with them and then returning to the police station in time to follow the men of the midnight tour. In the course of one night, the dog would cover 42 miles of streets before reporting back to the station in the morning.

Sergeant Early recalled a time when Brooklyn held a parade and barbecue at Ridgewood Park (Highland Park) in honor of Presidential Candidate Grover Cleveland. The event, which took place in October 1884, featured a three-mile procession through the crowded streets, followed by cannons, 60,000 sandwiches, 5,000 kegs of beer, an evening torchlight parade, and a brief address by the New Jersey native and candidate himself.

That day, 10 mounted policemen marched in the parade, representing the New Lots police force. Nick marched alongside them the whole way, displaying two American flags fastened to his collar and wearing a picture of Cleveland around his neck.  

During the event, Nick went missing. He returned to his men a while later carrying a piece of barbecued ox in his mouth. As Sergeant Early noted, “He looked at me with an air of satisfaction, as much as to say, ‘I’m the only New Lots policeman who got a piece of that ox.’”

The sergeant recalled another time when Nick was with Patrolmen Howard and Soper on a part of Alabama Avenue known as The Bowery. The men came upon three men engaged in a fight; the two patrolmen each grabbed a man and Nick threw the third man to the ground, tearing his coat, vest, and shirt to shreds in the process. The policemen rewarded Nick with a new gold collar inscribed, “Sergeant Nick, New Lots Police.”

Another sergeant, Christian Reimels (who was the captain when Dewey and Dick were on the job), recalled a riot at Judge William Schiellein’s Hall, which was a hotel located on the southwest corner of Atlantic Avenue and Vermont Street. Someone in the rowdy crowd had knocked down a policeman, and Nick held the man at bay until his partner recovered. Nick kept to the policeman’s side all the way back to the station until the offender was placed in the cell.

Schiellein's Hall, later known as Congress Hall (1922) and Ardley Palace (1929). East New York
NYPL Digital Collection
Schiellein’s Hall, later known as Congress Hall (1922) and Ardley Palace (1929). NYPL Digital Collection

East New York Police Detective Bob Kortright told a story about the time he had to chase a horse thief, who was outrunning him. Sergeant Nick appeared on the scene, gave chase, and knocked the thief over until Kortright could secure his prisoner.

Roundsman Chesterfield Fischer also had a great story to tell the reporter:

“We trailed a burglar one fine night last June until we located him behind a brick wall on Smith Avenue. As the garden was full of strawberries we did not like to destroy our friend’s beds by jumping over, but we posted men around the lot so as to prevent the burglar’s escape. While we were deliberating on what course to pursue, we saw Nick come on a run from the middle of the street, and, before we had time to stop him, jump over the wall.

Sergeant Nick, New Lots/East New York Police, July 1866
Brooklyn Daily Eagle, July 25, 1866

There was a picnic for a time, but not of a strawberry kind to the burglar, for it was not long before we heard the man sing out, ‘Take away the darned dog and I’ll surrender.’ We called off the dog, the burglar kept his word and came with us to the police station. The burglar got three years, but I’m afraid the dog would have got a load of shot if the owner of the lot found out who it was that destroyed his strawberry bed.”

As Sergeant Nick was now almost 17 years old, the reporter asked the men what would become of Nick in his old age.

Roundsman Parson Ringheiser replied, “He will be recommended to the Commissioner for promotion, but if, in his judgment, the dog’s age will be a bar to further usefulness, then we will position that Sergeant Nick be presented with a gold medal and a pension. I believe the whole community in the new ward will indorse such petition.”

A Brief History of the New Lots Police Department

The origins of the East New York Police Department, also known in past years as the 153rd, 17th, and 44th precincts, has ties to the first fire department in what was once the town of New Lots in Kings County.

In 1860, eight years after the town of New Lots seceded from Town of Flatbush, a few men formed a volunteer fire department for New Lots. The men of Liberty Hose Company No. 1 built a 75-foot tall, octagonal wooden bell tower at 109 Bradford Street, about halfway between Fulton Street and Atlantic Avenue. They manned this tower 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. It was all the sparsely populated town needed at this time.

109 Bradford Avenue, East New York, Brooklyn
NYPL
The old fire tower and police station at 109 Bradford Street is noted on this late 19th-century map. New York Public Library Digital Collections

In 1870, the State Legislature passed an act colloquially known as the “Tweed Charter” that returned police powers from the Metropolitan Police (established in 1857) to the Municipal Police. This left the town of New Lots without police protection.

Under an amended Brooklyn Police bill, the town was authorized to apply to the Police Commander of the City of Brooklyn for the appointment of as many police officers deemed necessary. Captain William F. Early, George Schienk, and Steve Newman were appointed as the first New Lots policemen. The men reported daily to Justice Gertum at the town’s courthouse and locked up prisoners at the 9th sub-precinct station house at Broadway and Gates Avenue in Bushwick.

Without a station house, the town rented a two-story stone and frame building on Liberty Avenue near Smith Street (Hendrix Street) for use as a lock-up for prisoners. (Reportedly the stones were so loose, and the bars were so wide, prisoners often escaped very easily.) By 1872, New Lots had six police officers.

The town of New Lots rented the frame building at 545 Liberty Avenue, East New York, Brooklyn
The town of New Lots rented the frame building at 545 Liberty Avenue (extant) for use as a temporary police station from 1871 to 1873,

The small rented building did not meet all the police force’s needs, so the Town Board purchased a 100 x 50 foot site on Butler Avenue (now Bradford Street) from Horace A. Miller for $1,400. This was the lot where the fire bell tower stood. There, in front of the tower, they constructed a multi-purpose town hall/police station at the cost of $10.000.

The New Lots Town Hall opened on December 11, 1873. The two-story with raised basement building housed the New Lots police force and town offices on the first floor and the fire department on the second floor. A large auditorium was devoted to public concerts and the basement had four cells for prisoners. By 1878, the police force had nine men, including sergeants Henry French and Pete J. Kennedy.

The New Lots Town Hall building, pictured here in 1922
The New Lots Town Hall building, pictured here in 1922, served as a town hall, fire station, police station, prison, and hospital. New York Public Library Digital Collections

Incidentally, during this time, the old fire tower was reportedly used as a morgue. Apparently, many people were killed by getting hit by trains on the Long Island Railroad before protective barriers such as gates and fences were put up, so the morgue was a busy place.

On August 4th, 1886, one month after the Brooklyn Daily Eagle reporter wrote the story about Sergeant Nick, the Town of New Lots was annexed into the City of Brooklyn, becoming the 26th Ward of the city. Sergeant French was appointed as the acting captain of the new 17th Police Precinct. The police department took charge of the entire town hall building from this time until 1892, when they moved into their new headquarters on Liberty Avenue. By this time, Sergeant Nick would have passed.

The old town hall building remained empty for many years, and the fire tower was eventually demolished. On November 13, 1899, the 26th Ward Homeopathic Hospital and Dispensary (aka East New York Dispensary) opened in this building. Later called the Bradford Street Hospital, the walk-in health facility remained open until about 1936.

Today this old firehouse/town hall/police station/prison is a two-family house.

109 Bradford Street, East New York Brooklyn
Today, 109 Bradford Street is a two-family home.
Dewey, police cat mascot of Liberty Avenue Police Precinct, Brooklyn, 1909
This is really Dewey. He consented to pose for the Brooklyn Times Union photographer while his brother Dick was away on mouse patrol.

Part I: The Police Cats of the 153rd Police Precinct

When Dewey, a large tabby cat, entered the magnificent, castle-like police station at 484 Liberty Avenue in 1902, he was the terror of the precinct. Biting and scratching were his favorite pastimes.

But over the next seven years, Dewey (no doubt named for Commodore George Dewey, the hero of the Spanish-American War) grew into one of the kindest and mildest of cats. He also became one of the best ratters in the New York Police Department.

The credit for the remarkable turnaround goes to Mrs. Henrietta Millwood, the veteran “white-haired, gentle-faced” police matron for what was then known as the 153rd Police Precinct of East New York, Brooklyn.

“I remember well the night that Dewey first came to the station house,” Mrs. Millwood told a Brooklyn Times Union reporter in August 1909. “He came in for shelter out of a storm and a more bedraggled little animal it would be hard to find. He was starving.”

Mrs. Millwood said that after feeding the cat, he refused to leave. No surprise there.

She then trained the cat by bopping him gently on the nose whenever he did wrong. “An animal could be made to comprehend things at once by using this method,” she told the reporter, explaining that the nose was the “seat of understanding.”

484 Liberty Avenue
Dewey and Dick lived in this beautiful castle-like police station at 484 Liberty Avenue, built in 1892. They spent much of their time in the stables to the right of the main building.

Dewey shared the Romanesque Revival style police station with Dick, a large black and white cat who showed up a few days after Dewey arrived (the cat obviously had a nose for food and luxurious shelter). Like Dewey, Dick was a great mouser who took his job very seriously—even passing up a photo shoot and publicity for a more important ratting expedition.

Around the neighborhood, Dewey and Dick were known as the 153rd Precinct mascots. Every man, woman, and child in the district knew them and fed them treats.  

Many working mothers would leave babies and toddlers on the police station steps every morning on their way to their jobs in Brownsville. (“Little moms or dads,” in other words, children who had been placed in charge of their younger siblings, would also drop off the little ones at the station.) Moms and older siblings knew the youngsters would be taken in and cared for by Mrs. Millwood and the other matron, Mrs. Cox, so they abused the system and used the police station as a day care center.

Dewey and Dick were no doubt a favorite attraction for these abandoned children who spent the entire day at the police station. The kids also adored Mrs. Millwood, who kept a room filled with toys, including rag dolls and ninepins, for the girls and boys to play with. (Mrs. Millwood told the Times Union reporter that the bad adult mothers should be disciplined: she suggested fining them one dollar each time they dropped off their children. Perhaps she should have bopped them on the nose each time!)

Although Mrs. Millwood was their disciplinarian, the cats were under the charge of Henry Miller, who was in command of the horse stables and patrol wagon, and John Ott, who was in charge of the precinct horses. The men saw that the cats were fed and well taken of; they reportedly did such a good job at taking care of Dewey and Dick that the cats were “the sleekest looking in East New York.”

The Cats’ Favorite Equine Pals

Dewey and Dick police cats of 484 Liberty Street, Brooklyn Times Union, August 1909

In 1909, there were 14 horses in the stables attached to the Liberty Avenue police station, including Nobel and Latson, the patrol wagon horses. According to Mrs. Millwood, Dewey and Dick could recognize each horse. They also had a few favorites.

One of the cats’ favorite horses at the precinct was Black Mike, a handsome black bay horse who belonged to Officer Martin Volkommer, a former Rough Rider who fought with Teddy Roosevelt in the Battle at San Juan Hill. Dewey and Dick reportedly loved to sleep in the same stall with him.

Black Mike was a gentle horse with felines and humans alike. According to Mrs. Millwood, whenever Officer Volkommer was ready to mount the horse, Black Mike would “bend down” by stretching out his two fore legs. “It’s the cutest thing I have ever seen,” she said.

Another of the cats’ favorite equine pals was a 22-year-old black horse also named Mike. This horse now belonged to Captain Christian Reimels, but he first joined the old New Lots Police Department under Captain Hugh F. Gorman, who was the first captain to assume command of the new Liberty Avenue police station in 1892.

Mike was known to be a devil under Captain Gorman’s command, but by 1909 he was reportedly “as gentle as a kitten.” Maybe Dewey and Dick had something to do with this, or maybe Mrs. Millwood gave him a few taps on the nose.

On the night before the Times Union reporter visited the station, Mike had taken a bad turn. His injuries were not immediately apparent to the humans, but somehow the cats knew that Mike was not feeling his best. They made this known to Daniel Miller.

According to the story, Dewey and Dick wakened Daniel from his sleep by “filling the air with their cries.” Then they began trotting backwards and forwards toward Mike’s stall, mewing loudly and showing obvious signs of distress.

Daniel was just about to throw a shoe at the cats to shoo them away, but their odd behavior caught his attention. On investigating the situation, Miller discovered that the old horse had been injured and required medical attention.

I trust that Dewey, Dick, and their horse friends lived happily ever after in their fairytale police station. In Part II of this story, I’ll tell you about Sergeant Nick, the Newfoundland mascot of the New Lots Police who preceded the mascot cats.

The Police Station Castle at 484 Liberty Avenue

Completed in 1892, the historical Liberty Avenue police station designed by George Ingram was built of Anderson gray brick and Lake Superior sandstone. Other features included two polished Quincy columns, main entrance doors of quartered oak, and elaborate interior finishes of quartered oak and black walnut.

The building stood on a site purchased by the city on the southwest corner of Liberty and Miller Avenues. This was about two blocks away from the old station house of the original New Lots Police Department at 109 Bradford Street.

Illustration of new police station at 484 Liberty Avenue, Brooklyn

The main building could accommodate about 80 patrolmen, and featured a large muster room, captain’s quarters with a bedroom and bathroom, a large sitting room, four dormitories, and rooms on the second and third floors for the patrolmen and sergeants. There was also a matron’s office in a hall leading to the stables, plus two cells for female prisoners and eight cells for men.

Hugh F. Gorman was 42 years old when he took over the 17th Precinct on Liberty Avenue in 1892.
Hugh F. Gorman was 42 years old and already gray-haired when he took over the 17th Precinct on Liberty Avenue in 1892.

The connected stables were to the right of the main building. They were designed to accommodate the patrol wagon and a dozen or so horses of the new mounted squad. The corner turret also served as a watchtower, where an officer could sit and look out for fires in the district (in later years, veteran officers would tease the rookies and tell them they would get stuck with the fire watch detail if they got out of line).

When newly appointed Captain Hugh Frank Gorman and the men of what was then called the 17th Police Precinct moved into their new home at 6 p.m. on June 2, 1892, the force was the smallest in the city with only 38 men. Now that they had a new station house, the force expanded to about 60 patrolmen, including the mounted unit with 14 horses and at least two police cats.

During this time period, the district was the largest in the city, covering nine square miles stretching from Queens County to the town of Flatbush, and from Jamaica Bay to the county line. The district included East New York, Brownsville, and Cypress Hills.

Although it was thickly populated in Brownsville, the majority of the district was rural, with farms and numerous detached homes that were magnets to burglars.

The Final Years of the Liberty Avenue Police Station

By 1909, when this story of Dewey and Dick took place, Captain Gorman had already been dead for 11 years, having passed away at the young age of 48 on March 1, 1898, from cirrhosis of the liver. Sadly, he died only one year after his retirement.

East New York had also far outgrown its police facilities. The Liberty Avenue building had a maximum capacity of 113 police officers, which was not enough to protect the 90,000 people living among the 139 miles of streets in the district.

The Chat, July 1909

Some of the 80 street posts were now more than two miles long, and with sick time and vacations, there were oftentimes as few as 40 men to cover all those posts. The people of Cypress Hills, in the northern portion of the large district, were demanding more coverage. They’d have to wait a long time.

With the advent of the motorized patrol car, the horse stables were replaced by a three-story garage in the 1920s, when this was now the 44th precinct. Around 1930, the precinct was renamed the 75th Police Precinct.

The NYPD stopped using the building in 1973–almost 65 years after the residents began demanding a new station! By this time, the police were in desperate of need of not only more space, but also many more electrical outlets and bathrooms.

A modern new headquarters for the 75th precinct was finally established at 1000 Sutton Avenue.

In September 1975, the city announced that it would be selling the Liberty Avenue building—along with 400 other buildings and lots—at a large public auction. The starting bid was set at $15,000; the city would only accept bids from a community group that would use the police station for nonprofit purposes.

The winning bidder was the Peoples Baptist First Church, which occupied the building into the early 1980s.

484 Liberty Avenue, 2022
Google Street Views, 2022

Eventually, the building was vacated and left to deteriorate. Windows were knocked out and the doors were barricaded with wood that rotted over time.

Then in 2016 it was purchased by David Krinsky of Triple Five Holdings LLC. Numerous permits were issued in the summer of 2021, so hopefully the building will one day be restored to its original glory.

In Part II of this story, I’ll share the interesting history of the New Lots Police Department and the old station houses that led up to the castle at 484 Liberty Avenue.

484 Liberty Avenue, 2022
Google Street Views, 2022.
The 75th Police Precinct at 1000 Sutton Avenue.
The 75th Police Precinct at 1000 Sutton Avenue.
Peggy with the newest Brooklyn fire dogs. New York Daily News, July 13, 1936
Peggy with the newest Brooklyn fire dogs. New York Daily News, July 13, 1936

For almost four months in 1936, Bess was the most famous mother of all the Brooklyn fire dogs in the Fire Department of New York. But then her own daughter took over the Top Mom title of the FDNY.

Bess was the prize-winning mascot of Engine Company 257, stationed at Rockaway Parkway and Farragut Road in the Canarsie neighborhood of Brooklyn. In February 1936, she presented her firefighter friends at the circa 1903 firehouse with eight full-blooded Dalmatian puppies.

Not to be outdone by her mother, Peggy, one of Bess’s daughters from an earlier litter, duplicated her mother’s maternal feat. In June 1936, the blue-ribbon-winning Dalmatian also gave birth to eight puppies at her firehouse—Hook and Ladder 123, stationed at 423-25 Ralph Avenue and Bergen Street in Weeksville.

The father of Peggy’s pooches was Pal, another prize-winning Dalmatian attached to Engine Company 271 in the eastern section of Ridgewood.

Peggy strikes another pose with her baby Brooklyn fire dogs for the Brooklyn Daily Eagle.
Peggy strikes another pose with her baby Brooklyn fire dogs for the Brooklyn Daily Eagle.

Although the press did not give any additional coverage to Peggy and Bess beyond their maternal actions, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle wrote a short tribute to Pal following his death in 1939. Lieutenant Joseph Oesau of Hook and Ladder 170 also sung Pal’s praises in an article published in the Daily News in 1949.

According to Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Pal came to the firehouse at 392 Himrod Street sometime around 1931. Although he sustained a broken leg while still a pup, he was treated at the Ellin Prince Speyer Hospital. The leg completely mended, allowing him to chase the fire engines as they responded to calls.

Engine Company 271 at 392 Himrod Street. NYC Department of Records, 1940
Pal was attached to the firehouse of Engine Company 271 at 392 Himrod Street. NYC Department of Records, 1940

Pal knew all the sounds of the fire engine and the alarm bells, and could distinguish between the engine company and the ladder company—Hook and Ladder 124—which was stationed next door to the engine company. According to Lt. Oesau, he would never go out if only the truck responded to a call.

Pal was also “the daddy of most of the fire dogs,” Lt. Oeasau said. He knew every brewery in the neighborhood, and he had a favorite sweetheart across the street in a peddler’s cart yard. When the yard moved to Bushwick Avenue and Siegel Street about two miles away, Pal would frequently visit his girlfriend at her new home.

During his final year of life, Pal started staying behind when the engines rolled. In September 1939, the men took him to the animal hospital, where he was diagnosed with uremic poisoning.

He died in the hospital on October 3 and was buried in a small private pet cemetery at Waldheim, which was James Speyer’s beautiful country estate in Scarborough, New York. Tammany, the New York City Hall mascot cat, was also buried at this cemetery a few months earlier, in April 1939.

It was reported that a heavy gloom hung over the firehouse following Pal’s passing. Unfortunately, none of the men that he worked most closely with were able to attend the funeral, but their thoughts were with him as he was “laid away among the tall pines.” All of the men agreed that Pal could never be replaced.

Waldheim, the 130-acre Hudson Valley estate of James Speyer
Pal was buried in an aristocratic animal cemetery at Waldheim, the majestic 130-acre Hudson Valley estate of James Speyer, husband of the late Ellin Prince Speyer. The estate, which fronted the Scarborough-Briarcliff Road and the Albany Post Road, was sold in 1947 and subdivided into about 200 building lots for modest-priced single-family homes.

Did You Know?

According to the old records on file with the New York City Fire Museum, Brooklyn’s volunteer fire corps, which provided fire protection for what was then the City of Brooklyn, were among the first to employ Dalmatians. The Brooklyn fire dogs were intended to be pals for the horses, often sleeping in the stalls and sharing mealtime with their equine friends. The horses in turn took good care of the dogs en route to fires—although there were occasional accidents, some fatal, the horses almost instinctively avoided hitting the dogs racing alongside them.

Fire dogs, whether they were Dalmatians or mutts, acted as sheep dogs for the horses. At the sound of the alarm, the dog would get in front of the horses and bark at the team until they were in their harnesses and hooked up to the rig. The dog would then run out the door, look down the street to make sure the coast was clear, and return to the team to bark a few more orders.

When the men were all turned out in their gear and aboard the apparatus, the horses would start out the door with the fire dog running proudly out in front or nipping at the horses to encourage them on–just like a sheep dog would do.

Perhaps Pal is one of these Brooklyn fire dogs, pictured here in 1935 as they march along Eastern Parkway during a parade sponsored by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals,
Perhaps Pal is one of these Brooklyn fire dogs, pictured here in 1935 as they march along Eastern Parkway during a parade sponsored by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals,

One Dalmatian attached to Engine Company 22, at Quincy Street near Ralph Avenue, reportedly used to bark at anyone and anything to clear the street when the company was preparing to roll. The dog took this job very seriously, if not a bit too seriously: one time he bit a letter carrier who was walking past the firehouse just as the engines were about to respond. He was not about to let the carrier get in the way of the horse-drawn fire engine.

Massive, mechanical wheels of the the new gas-powered engines and trucks did not treat the fire dogs as kindly as did the intelligent fire horses. Once the horses were gone, the men felt their fire dogs were safer staying behind in the fire house.

By the late 1940s, the Dalmatian was slowly disappearing from the FDNY. According to fire officials, there were less than 100 (101?) Dalmatians attached to the many city firehouses in 1949. Most of these dogs served as mascots as they no longer had a real job to do (except, perhaps, have puppies!).

Champion Dalmatian fire dogs, New York
Peggy, Bess, and Pal may have won their ribbons at the Westminster Kennel Club Annual Dog Show at Madison Square Garden, as shown in this photo of Dalmatian fire dogs with their handlers in 1941. Photo by Bert Morgan
Bessie Dalmatian puppies 1936
Another look at Bessie’s puppies. The press couldn’t get enough of the cuteness!

One more look at Peggy's adorable Brooklyn fire dogs.
One more look at Peggy’s adorable Brooklyn fire dogs.